India's Record Heat Fuels Power Demand Crisis

India has endured a significant warming trend over the past decade, from 2015 to 2024, culminating in 2024 being the hottest year recorded since 1901. This persistent heat has directly led to record-breaking electricity demand, soaring to approximately 250 GW during the summer months due to increased cooling needs across all sectors.

The country's power system faces a critical challenge: while installed capacity has grown by 62% and solar power has expanded dramatically, coal continues to be the primary source of generation. This reliance on fossil fuels results in high emissions during summer peaks, especially as solar output wanes in the evenings.

To address this heat-power demand trap, the report recommends integrating climate projections into energy planning, developing vulnerability maps, and strengthening rural energy access. Reforms to Heat Action Plans and accelerating energy storage are also crucial for building climate resilience.