Home / War and Conflict / Portugal's Submarine Conquers Arctic Ice
Portugal's Submarine Conquers Arctic Ice
23 Apr
Summary
- Portugal operated a conventional submarine under Arctic ice.
- Canada studies Portugal's adaptations for its new fleet.
- Global warming opens Arctic routes, increasing ship traffic.

Portugal achieved a historic first by operating a conventional submarine, the NRP Arpão, beneath the Arctic ice between April and June 2024. This mission, supported by US, Canadian, and Danish navies, expanded underwater combat options in the far north. Canada is now studying Portugal's adaptations for its new submarine fleet.
The Arctic is rapidly warming, causing dramatic sea ice shrinkage and opening new shipping routes. Ship traffic has increased by 40% in the last 12 years. Navigating these waters presents extreme challenges, including thinning ice, fragmentation, and icebergs.