New Tree Species Discovered in Kerala's Western Ghats

Scientists from the Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (JNTBGRI) have identified a new evergreen tree species, Humboldtia nairiana, in Kerala's southern Western Ghats. The discovery was made within the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, specifically in its riparian forests. This species is named in honor of G.M. Nair, a notable plant biotechnologist.

The initial specimen was collected in 2010, with further cultivation and study confirming its unique characteristics. Humboldtia nairiana is a medium-sized tree, growing 5 to 8 meters tall, distinguishable by its bark, branchlets, stipules, flowers, and fruits. It shares similarities with Humboldtia ponmudiana but possesses stable, distinguishing features.

The species is strictly endemic to Kerala and currently known only from the Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve, at approximately 300 meters elevation. Field surveys reveal a fragile wild population, with fewer than 10 mature trees identified across a habitat area of less than 2 sq. km. Consequently, researchers have categorized Humboldtia nairiana as 'data deficient' under IUCN Red List criteria, emphasizing the urgent need for habitat protection and further field research.