Devil Flower: New Species Survives Without Sun

A newly identified plant species, nicknamed the 'devil flower' (Thismia daemona), has been discovered in western Thailand's Thong Pha Phum National Park. This unusual plant uniquely survives without sunlight, a stark departure from the norm for flora. Instead, it thrives by connecting to underground fungal networks to obtain necessary carbon and nutrients, a process known as mycoheterotrophy. Its appearance, with horn-like appendages and dark coloring, contributes to its ominous moniker.

Scientists were surprised by its discovery in a seasonal mountain forest at an elevation of nearly 1,000 meters. Previously, species of the Thismia genus, also called fairy lanterns, were typically found in humid, lower-elevation rainforests. The devil flower, reaching about 12.5 centimeters in height, has hairy roots resembling coral and a striking, dark flower with reddish-orange markings.

The devil flower's existence is precarious. Only one population, fewer than 50 plants strong, has been identified, occupying a tiny area. Despite being within a national park, tourist activity poses a significant threat, risking disturbance to its delicate habitat. Consequently, the species has been provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts.