DNA Unlocks Ancient Wine Grape Evolution

Genetic material preserved in ancient grape seeds has shed light on when and how humans began cultivating grapes for wine. New research analyzing pips from France indicates that human domestication of wine grapes occurred by 650 B.C. This timing coincides with the establishment of Greek settlements in the region, suggesting an even earlier start to winemaking practices.

The study also explored the evolution of grape varieties over centuries. It found that specific lineages, including Pinot Noir and the Portuguese white wine Folha de Figueira, have remained genetically consistent for long periods. This stability is attributed to humans' careful propagation efforts, a remarkable feat of horticultural dedication over nearly a thousand years, especially when contrasted with the development of other domesticated crops.