Vitamin Deficiencies Pose Hidden Hunger Risk for Pregnant Women in India

As of November 17th, 2025, maternal undernutrition remains a significant public health issue in India. Approximately 18.7% of women in the country are underweight, and 57% of women of reproductive age suffer from anaemia.

This poor maternal nutrition, both before and during pregnancy, has far-reaching consequences. It affects fetal growth, leading to long-term developmental and metabolic risks for the child. Not only does this harm the mother's health, increasing risks during pregnancy and childbirth, but it also perpetuates an intergenerational cycle of malnutrition and stunting.

According to Dr. Ambrish Mithal, chairman of Endocrinology at Max Healthcare, this is a "hidden hunger" where women may be consuming enough calories but lack essential vitamins and minerals. This "hidden hunger" can blunt a child's cognitive and physical potential, as poor fetal nutrition raises the risk of diabetes and heart disease later in life.

To address this issue, experts recommend a varied diet that includes green leafy vegetables, protein sources, fruits, and whole grains or millets. Pregnant women should also register early for antenatal care, take iron-folic acid and calcium supplements as advised, and get dewormed when indicated. Involving the family in nutrition decisions can also make a significant difference.