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Know Your Numbers: Understanding Blood Pressure
21 Jan
Summary
- Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mm Hg.
- Hypertension has stages: Elevated, Stage 1, Stage 2, and crisis.
- Hypotension below 90/60 mm Hg can cause dizziness or fainting.
Blood pressure, a vital sign for heart health, measures the force of blood against artery walls. It's recorded as systolic (heart contracting) over diastolic (heart resting) in mm Hg. The American Heart Association defines normal blood pressure as less than 120/80 mm Hg, a range associated with reduced risks of heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease.
High blood pressure, or hypertension, is classified into stages: elevated (120-129/ <80), Stage 1 (130-139/80-89), Stage 2 (>=140/>=90), and a hypertensive crisis (>180/ >120), which requires emergency care. Persistent high BP strains the heart and blood vessels, increasing risks.
Conversely, low blood pressure, or hypotension, generally below 90/60 mm Hg, can cause symptoms like dizziness, fainting, or blurred vision if blood flow to vital organs is compromised. While some people naturally have low BP without symptoms, it can sometimes indicate serious underlying conditions.
Regular monitoring of blood pressure is recommended, especially for adults over 40 or those with risk factors. Understanding these numbers empowers individuals to take proactive steps towards better cardiovascular health and prevent potential complications.
