TB Resurgence: US Cases Surge to Highest Since 2011

Tuberculosis, also known as the 'White Plague,' is experiencing a resurgence in the United States, with cases steadily rising since 2020. The bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes this infectious disease, which primarily impacts the lungs but can also affect other organs. TB has regained its status as a leading cause of death from infectious diseases globally.

The disease spreads through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. While not everyone exposed develops active illness, some carry dormant bacteria. Common symptoms of active TB include a persistent cough, chest pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue.

In 2024, the US recorded over 10,300 TB cases, an 8% increase from the previous year, reaching levels not seen since 2011. This rise is attributed to factors such as increased post-pandemic travel, migration, and outbreaks in several states, alongside growing antibiotic resistance.

While TB is curable with antibiotics, treatment is lengthy, lasting 6-9 months, which can lead to side effects and challenges in patient adherence. Simple preventative measures like mask-wearing and improved ventilation can help reduce transmission.