South Asians Face 2.5x Higher Heart Disease Risk

Individuals of South Asian heritage are experiencing significantly higher rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), a condition marked by the buildup of plaque in blood vessels. Research indicates their risk is about 2.5 times greater than that of non-Hispanic White and East Asian populations. This accelerated progression of heart disease can lead to critical events like heart attacks and strokes, often occurring at younger ages, sometimes as early as the 40s or 50s.

The study, which analyzed data from the MASALA and MESA cohort studies, pinpointed several contributing factors. Clinical risks include hypertension, prediabetes or diabetes, dyslipidemia, and higher body mass index (BMI). Behavioral factors such as alcohol consumption, physical activity levels, and diet quality also play a role.

Experts stress that traditional risk factors are not only more prevalent but also progress more rapidly among South Asians. This necessitates a shift in screening paradigms, advocating for earlier and more aggressive detection, ideally beginning in the 20s and 30s. Risk assessment should extend beyond conventional markers to include ethnicity-specific profiles and metabolic indicators.

While genetic predisposition may contribute, the emphasis is on modifiable factors like diet, physical activity, and stress management. Public health efforts should focus on prevention rather than treatment, promoting awareness among both patients and healthcare providers about the importance of early intervention and lifestyle adjustments tailored to cultural contexts.