Home / Health / Beyond Genetics: Understanding Lactose Intolerance
Beyond Genetics: Understanding Lactose Intolerance
23 Oct
Summary
- Lactose intolerance prevents full breakdown of lactose, a sugar in milk.
- Primary intolerance is genetic; secondary is from intestinal damage.
- Symptoms include bloating, gas, diarrhea, and nausea after dairy consumption.
Lactose intolerance is a digestive disorder where the body cannot fully process lactose, the sugar found in milk. This occurs when the small intestine produces inadequate amounts of the lactase enzyme, which is necessary to break down lactose. Undigested lactose then ferments in the colon, leading to discomfort.
While primary lactose intolerance is strongly linked to genetics, secondary intolerance is an acquired condition. It can arise from illnesses, surgeries, or injuries that damage the small intestine's lining, potentially reducing lactase production. This acquired form is often temporary and may resolve as the gut heals.
Symptoms can manifest within hours of consuming dairy and range from mild to severe. Common signs include bloating, abdominal cramps, excessive gas, diarrhea, and nausea. Diagnosis typically begins with a review of symptoms and eating habits, often followed by elimination trials or breath tests.
It is crucial to distinguish lactose intolerance from a milk allergy, which is an immune system response. Medical consultation is advised for persistent digestive issues, unexplained weight loss, or blood in stool to manage symptoms effectively and ensure adequate calcium and vitamin D intake.
