Hidden Fetal Risk: How Covid Alters Baby's Brain

Initial assumptions that babies rarely contracted Covid-19 in utero have been challenged by mounting research. While early tests focused on active infection at birth, newer studies indicate that viral fragments and inflammation resulting from maternal infection can impact placental function and fetal development. Investigations have detected viral material and proteins in fetal tissues and amniotic fluid, suggesting the virus can cross the placental barrier and trigger inflammatory responses.

Follow-up studies are now revealing potential long-term consequences for children exposed to SARS-CoV-2 before birth. These studies have identified subtle yet measurable differences in brain structure shortly after birth, which have later been associated with lower cognitive scores and increased anxiety-related behaviors. While most exposed children develop normally, the findings highlight a need for continued monitoring of developmental and behavioral outcomes.