Men More Vulnerable to Heatstroke, Study Reveals

Recent data from the May 2026 National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) ADSI report reveals a concerning rise in accidental deaths attributed to heatstroke. The report indicates that out of 7,903 deaths caused by natural forces, 1,832 were due to heat or sunstroke, representing 23.2% of the total. Men in the 30-44 and 45-59 age brackets showed significantly higher fatality rates compared to women.

Experts attribute this disparity to a confluence of physiological, behavioral, and occupational factors. Men typically possess higher muscle mass and metabolic rates, generating more internal heat. While they sweat more, this is not always effective for cooling, especially in humid conditions. Hormonal differences, such as estrogen's protective thermoregulatory effects in women, also play a role.

Occupational and behavioral patterns further exacerbate men's risk. A large proportion of outdoor workers in physically demanding sectors like construction, transport, and agriculture are men, leading to prolonged exposure to high temperatures. Experts note that men may also be more prone to ignoring early symptoms or continuing strenuous activity despite feeling unwell, delaying crucial intervention and allowing heat exhaustion to progress to heatstroke.

While men face heightened risks from exertion, elderly women can be more vulnerable during passive heat exposure, like prolonged heatwaves, due to age-related physiological changes and social factors limiting access to cooling. Lifestyle habits such as inadequate hydration, alcohol consumption, and poor sleep can worsen dehydration and increase susceptibility for anyone.

Early warning signs of heatstroke include persistent weakness, confusion, and rapid heartbeat. Immediate cooling and medical attention are critical. Preventive measures involve regular hydration, taking cooling breaks, wearing appropriate clothing, and shifting outdoor activities to cooler parts of the day. A comprehensive approach considering environmental exposure, exertion, hydration, and individual health factors is essential for mitigating heatstroke risks.