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Head CT Scans Surge: Cancer Risk Soars
20 Nov
Summary
- Head CT scans doubled from 7.8 million to 16 million between 2007 and 2022.
- Repeat childhood CT scans triple risks for leukemia and brain tumors.
- Up to one-third of CT scans may be medically unnecessary.
The number of head CT scans performed in U.S. emergency departments has nearly doubled, soaring from 7.8 million in 2007 to approximately 16 million in 2022. This surge, while vital for diagnosing conditions like stroke and trauma, is accompanied by increasing concerns over radiation exposure and potential cancer risks. A significant portion, up to one-third, of these scans may be medically unnecessary.
Previous research indicates that repeated CT scans in childhood, especially before age 15, can triple a patient's risk of developing leukemia and brain tumors. While a single scan's radiation is not typically carcinogenic, cumulative exposure from multiple scans heightens this danger. Experts emphasize the importance of balancing the diagnostic benefits against these significant risks and costs.
The study authors noted that the rapid growth in head CT use, particularly in vulnerable populations like children and seniors, raises concerns about unnecessary radiation exposure. There is a critical need to evaluate the appropriateness of each head CT scan against clinical recommendations, considering alternatives like MRI or ultrasound when radiation is not warranted, and ensuring equitable access to necessary neuroimaging.
