Hay Fever or Cold? Experts Uncover the Surprising Similarities and Differences

As of November 11th, 2025, many people are finding themselves dealing with a persistent sniffle that they can't seem to shake. The question on their minds is: Is this hay fever, a cold, or something else entirely?

Experts explain that hay fever, an allergic reaction to particles like pollen, and common colds, caused by viruses, share a number of overlapping symptoms, such as a runny or blocked nose, sneezing, and feeling drained. However, there are some key differences. Hay fever does not typically cause a fever, while colds and flu-like illnesses often do. Additionally, itchy eyes are a prominent symptom of hay fever, but not as common with colds.

Another important distinction is the duration and triggers of the symptoms. Cold and flu symptoms usually resolve within a week or two, peaking during the winter months. Hay fever, on the other hand, can last for the entire spring-to-summer pollen season, or whenever the person is exposed to the particular allergen that triggers their reaction.

Interestingly, exposure to high levels of airborne pollen has been linked to more hospital admissions for asthma in those infected with cold viruses, as well as rises in COVID-19 cases. This is because pollen can weaken the immune response in the cells lining the airways, making it harder for the body to fight off respiratory viruses. As a result, colds can last longer and feel worse for those with hay fever.

To effectively manage hay fever symptoms, experts recommend using nasal steroid sprays or a combination of steroid sprays and antihistamines. Reducing exposure to allergens, such as by monitoring pollen levels, can also be helpful. For those with asthma, it's crucial to review and update their treatment plan regularly.