Experts Clash Over Defining "Ultra-Processed" Foods as Health Concerns Grow

In the past few years, there has been growing concern over the impact of ultra-processed foods on public health in the United States. As of November 2025, health officials and nutrition experts largely agree that the American diet, dominated by these highly processed foods, is contributing to a chronic disease epidemic.

However, the experts are divided on how to define and regulate ultra-processed foods. The Trump administration is currently working on its own definition to guide federal policy, while California recently became the first state to ban certain ultra-processed items from school lunches.

The core issue is that not all ultra-processed foods are unhealthy. Packaged whole grain breads, plant-based milks, and some yogurts fall under the ultra-processed category, but can provide health benefits. Experts argue that any regulations should focus on the overall nutritional quality, not just the level of processing.

On the other hand, leading researchers say the processing itself is a key factor, as it can alter the physical and chemical structure of foods in ways that impact digestion and gut health. They believe we know enough to start taking action, even if the exact mechanisms are not fully understood.

Ultimately, the majority of U.S. shoppers are already trying to avoid ultra-processed foods. But with experts still debating the best approach, the average consumer is left navigating a complex landscape to make healthier choices.