Gluten's Silent Attack: Autoimmune Gut Danger

Coeliac disease is an autoimmune condition triggered by gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. For affected individuals, consuming gluten causes the immune system to mistakenly attack the lining of the small intestine, damaging villi crucial for nutrient absorption. This can lead to a range of symptoms, including digestive problems, anaemia, fatigue, and even skin or bone issues.

While digestive complaints like diarrhoea or bloating are common, coeliac disease can manifest with non-gastrointestinal symptoms. Diagnosis typically involves specific blood tests to detect antibodies and is often confirmed through an intestinal biopsy. This procedure allows medical professionals to directly observe the damage to the intestinal villi.

The only effective treatment for coeliac disease is a lifelong commitment to a strict gluten-free diet. Even trace amounts of gluten from cross-contamination or hidden ingredients can perpetuate the immune response and impede recovery. However, with diligent dietary management, the intestines can heal, and most symptoms can significantly improve.