Black Liquorice Hazard: Common Sweet Risks High Blood Pressure

High blood pressure, a condition affecting 16 million adults in the UK as of 2026, is often termed a 'silent killer' due to its asymptomatic progression and severe health risks, including stroke and heart attack. A recent health warning advises individuals with hypertension to significantly reduce their consumption of black liquorice. The sweet contains glycyrrhizic acid, a compound that disrupts the body's electrolyte balance by causing sodium and water retention while excreting potassium. This imbalance can elevate blood pressure, lead to fluid retention, and potentially cause heart rhythm abnormalities.

The NHS suggests that consuming more than 57g (two ounces) of black liquorice daily for at least two weeks can pose serious health risks, particularly for individuals over 40 with a history of heart disease or high blood pressure. Symptoms to watch for include heart palpitations or muscle weakness, prompting immediate cessation of consumption and medical consultation. Even black liquorice tea can affect electrolyte balance with regular intake. Deglycyrrhizinated Liquorice (DGL) is available as a safer alternative, lacking the problematic glycyrrhizin compound.

Experts emphasize that while moderate, occasional consumption of liquorice is generally safe for most, chronic or excessive intake can be detrimental. The concentration of glycyrrhizic acid varies, making precise dosage difficult. If adverse effects are experienced, discontinuing liquorice intake usually reverses the effects. However, individuals with pre-existing heart conditions or high blood pressure, or those on specific medications, should consult a doctor before consuming liquorice products or supplements, and always check food labels.