AIIMS Expert: Pollution, Cold Trigger Autoimmune Flares

The prevalence of autoimmune diseases is on the rise, with women being disproportionately affected. According to an expert from AIIMS Delhi, the current winter season and high levels of air pollution may be intensifying symptoms. These complex conditions, which can affect single organs or multiple systems, are more common in women of reproductive age due to hormonal influences and genetic factors on the X chromosome.

Environmental triggers like cold temperatures, reduced sunlight, and pollution significantly contribute to symptom flares. Air pollution, in particular, has been linked to increased inflammation and autoantibodies. Chronic mental stress, poor sleep, unhealthy dietary habits, smoking, and obesity further exacerbate the risk and disease activity, with a noticeable post-COVID increase in inflammatory conditions observed.

Autoimmune diseases, though treatable, typically necessitate lifelong management, akin to conditions like diabetes. Symptoms are diverse, ranging from fatigue and joint pain to more severe organ involvement. Experts emphasize that lifestyle modifications, including adequate sleep, stress control, regular exercise, and smoking cessation, are crucial for preventing disease flares and managing these chronic conditions effectively.