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New Year, New Viral Threats: What to Watch in 2026
18 Jan
Summary
- Influenza A H5N1 (bird flu) poses a pandemic risk due to mammal transmission.
- Mpox, especially Clade I, is spreading globally with a 10% mortality rate.
- Oropouche virus, insect-borne, is expanding its range across the Americas.
As 2026 commences, infectious disease experts are vigilant about emerging viral threats. Influenza A subtypes, including H5N1 bird flu, are a primary focus. The H5N1 virus's ability to jump from birds to mammals, like cattle, and subsequently to humans, has raised concerns about its potential adaptation for human-to-human transmission and a possible pandemic. Scientists are actively working on vaccines for H5N1, as current ones may not offer protection.
Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, also remains a significant global health concern. While the 2022 outbreak of Clade II has subsided, the virus is now endemic worldwide. Notably, Clade I Mpox, which has a 10% mortality rate, is seeing increased cases in Central and East Africa and has appeared in the US. The spread of this more severe form warrants close observation.
