Punjab's Monsoon Delay Sparks Groundwater Fears

Punjab is facing a critical water situation as the southwest monsoon is running behind schedule. Between June 1 and June 19, the state recorded a 20% rainfall deficit, receiving only 21.1 mm against a normal of 30.2 mm. The monsoon's advance has stalled, and its arrival in Punjab is now anticipated in the first week of July, a significant delay from its usual onset in late June.

This rainfall deficit is particularly concerning as it coincides with the paddy transplantation season, which commenced on June 1. With paddy cultivated on approximately 32 lakh hectares annually, the state heavily depends on groundwater for irrigation. The extended reliance on groundwater for over 13.94 lakh tubewells, many in overexploited districts, threatens to exacerbate the declining groundwater levels.

To mitigate this, Punjab Agricultural University has developed short-duration paddy varieties. However, concerns persist regarding the availability of unapproved, long-duration hybrid varieties that demand more water. The timely arrival of the southwest monsoon is crucial for India, influencing agriculture, water supply, and power generation.