Farmers Burn Stubble Despite Machines: Study Reveals Hidden Fears

A recent study has highlighted that despite the adoption of crop residue management (CRM) machines, farmers in Punjab continue to resort to partial stubble burning. This behavior, driven by concerns over pest attacks and a lack of confidence in alternative methods, poses a significant challenge to air pollution control efforts. The study, which surveyed farmers across Punjab, found that 31% still partially burn their fields, and 6% continue complete burning.

Key reasons cited for burning include pest attack prevention, though many farmers admit they have not personally witnessed increased pest issues. The research also revealed significant gaps in awareness and access to support systems. A large majority of surveyed farmers were unaware of the Unnat Kisan app and CRM training schedules. Existing training sessions were often described as lecture-based with minimal practical demonstrations, suggesting a need for more effective engagement strategies.

The study recommends a shift towards a dedicated 'Behaviour Change Communication' strategy. This approach would segment farmers into distinct groups and tailor communication methods. For partial burners, targeted technical reassurance and peer testimonials are advised to address fears regarding pest attacks and machine costs. The report also suggests reallocating resources to farmers' preferred communication channels, such as direct extension visits and WhatsApp, while emphasizing the importance of complementing digital outreach with face-to-face engagement.