Managed Retreat: Communities Move From Climate Threats

Managed retreat, a strategy for proactively moving communities out of harm's way, is gaining importance as climate change intensifies.

This approach involves the purposeful relocation of people and assets to mitigate risks from disasters like floods, earthquakes, and fires. While it has been occurring for decades, it is now a more frequent consideration in vulnerable areas.

Case studies illustrate a spectrum of approaches, from government-initiated top-down actions to community-led movements. Experts suggest that community buy-in and participation are crucial for successful outcomes, as local residents are often the most aware of climate stressors.

Examples include Valmeyer, Illinois, which relocated inland after the 1993 Great Midwest Flood, and Staten Island, New York, where residents pushed for buyouts after Hurricane Sandy in 2012. These initiatives demonstrate the need for government and community partnership.

Alaska's Y-K Delta region faces significant challenges due to erosion and thawing permafrost, with villages like Kipnuk and Kwigillingok experiencing severe damage. The community of Nunapitchuk is attempting to relocate, but lacks the estimated $277 million needed for the move, highlighting the critical role of federal and state funding.

Ultimately, the effectiveness of managed retreat hinges less on the specific hazards faced and more on the strength of social systems, community cohesion, and government support.