How will the Great Nicobar project impact the island's biodiversity?

According to the Indian government, the Great Nicobar project will have a significant impact on the island's biodiversity, including over 20,000 live coral colonies, more than 50 nesting mounds of the endemic Nicobar Megapode, and an active nesting site for the Giant Leatherback turtle.

Why is the Indian government pushing ahead with the Great Nicobar project despite its impact on the environment?

The government has faced intense scrutiny and challenges over the Great Nicobar project, both before the National Green Tribunal and the Calcutta High Court. However, the government has continued to defend the project, even as it acknowledges the significant impact it will have on the island's biodiversity and forests.

Home / Environment / Govt Admits Great Nicobar Project Will Devastate Biodiversity and Forests

Govt Admits Great Nicobar Project Will Devastate Biodiversity and Forests

Q: What is the Great Nicobar mega infrastructure project?

The Great Nicobar mega infrastructure project is a ₹92,000 crore development plan that includes the construction of a transshipment port, an airport, a power plant, and a greenfield tourism project and township on the Great Nicobar island.

15 Nov

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Summary

Govt admits Great Nicobar project will significantly impact biodiversity
Project includes port, airport, power plant, and tourism development
Galathea Bay has 20,000 live coral colonies, megapode nests, and turtle nesting sites

Govt Admits Great Nicobar Project Will Devastate Biodiversity and Forests

In a significant development, the Indian government has admitted that the ₹92,000 crore Great Nicobar mega infrastructure project will have a devastating impact on the island's biodiversity and forests. The project, which was granted environmental clearance in November 2022, includes the construction of a transshipment port, an airport, a power plant, and a greenfield tourism project and township.

During a recent hearing before the National Green Tribunal (NGT) on October 30, 2025, the government's Additional Solicitor General Aishwarya Bhati acknowledged that the proposed site at Galathea Bay is home to over 20,000 live coral colonies, more than 50 nesting mounds of the endemic Nicobar Megapode (a Schedule 1 species), and an active nesting site for the Giant Leatherback turtle. Despite this, the government has pushed ahead with the project, raising serious questions about its commitment to environmental protection.

The government's actions have been further complicated by its own past decisions. In 2021, the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) denotified the Galathea Bay Wildlife Sanctuary, which had been proposed in 1997 to protect the area's unique biodiversity. Additionally, the government has attempted to reclassify the Galathea Bay area from the highly protected Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ)-1A to the less restrictive CRZ-1B, in order to facilitate the port's construction.

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