Pandemic Babies Now Lagging in Reading, Math

Young students who were babies during the COVID-19 pandemic are now experiencing notable learning disruptions. An analysis of assessment data from spring 2017 to spring 2025 indicates that while kindergarten achievement levels remained relatively stable, first and second graders are now performing below pre-pandemic averages. This decline is consistent across both reading and math, though reading gaps show less progress toward recovery.

Experts suggest that chronic absenteeism in kindergarten may be a significant factor, reducing instructional time essential for foundational skills. Additionally, teachers report that students entering kindergarten often possess less developed social and emotional skills, leading to increased time spent on behavioral management. This shift away from core academic instruction could be impacting overall achievement in the early grades.