Wheat's Tech Revolution: Drought Resistance & Higher Yields Emerge

In Kansas, research is underway to genetically modify wheat with sunflower genes for enhanced drought resistance, aiming to bolster the U.S. wheat industry. Experiments in Manhattan and Junction City are focusing on developing hybrid wheat seeds to ensure more consistent and higher crop yields as drought becomes a more frequent challenge across the Plains.

Wheat, a crop with ancient roots, has historically lagged behind corn and soybeans in technological advancements. However, hybrid and genetically modified wheat varieties are nearing commercialization, representing a significant bet on science to restore profitability for growers.

The U.S. has seen a decline in wheat exports since 2017, exacerbated by shifting consumer preferences, including reduced per-capita flour consumption and the rise of gluten-free diets. Industry leaders are concerned that new federal dietary guidelines may further stigmatize grain-based foods.

Companies like Corteva and Syngenta are investing heavily in hybrid wheat research. Corteva plans to release its hybrid hard red winter wheat seed commercially in the U.S. in 2027, projecting a potential yield increase of 20%. Syngenta has already begun selling hybrid spring wheat seed in the northern Plains states since 2023.

While genetically modified corn and soybeans are common in the U.S., GMO wheat faces consumer skepticism. Efforts are ongoing to test the efficacy of drought-resistant traits, such as the HB4 trait developed in Argentina, in U.S. wheat varieties. Field trials are anticipated within two years, with potential GMO wheat seed sales by 2030 or later, contingent on international buyer acceptance.