China's Gig Workers: Exhausted but Essential

Delivery drivers in Beijing, like Mu Jie, endure punishing 13-hour shifts, making up to 65 deliveries daily for little more than $1.20 per order. This demanding work is part of China's burgeoning gig economy, which has absorbed millions, including university graduates struggling with a 17% youth unemployment rate. The industry's rapid expansion, particularly since COVID-19, has created an ingrained demand for rapid delivery services.

Platforms like Meituan and Ele.me are locked in fierce price wars, offering deep discounts to attract customers. This competition, however, has intensified pressure on drivers, forcing them to work longer hours to maintain earnings. Videos of drivers expressing extreme distress under this pressure have circulated on social media, underscoring the profound issues of fatigue and burnout.

In response to government pressure, platforms have modified penalty systems and claim to offer social insurance and rest stations. However, drivers like Ren Fei report that algorithmic monitoring still leads to disadvantages for slower workers. Despite these challenges, many continue in the gig economy seeking better financial prospects than available in their economically depressed home regions.