World Cup Games Played in Dangerous Heat

Nine matches during the recent World Cup group stage were conducted in conditions deemed potentially dangerous due to severe heat and humidity. An analysis found these games exceeded wet bulb globe temperatures (WBGT) of 28C (82F), a threshold at which the global players' union, Fifpro, argues games should be delayed or postponed. The union has emphasized that escalating global temperatures necessitate greater consideration for heat in future scheduling decisions for sporting events.

The analysis highlights that an additional 13 matches may have been played in cities with high temperatures, though these venues featured air conditioning. The two hottest non-air-conditioned games occurred in Miami, with one reaching an estimated WBGT of 33C. Experts, including the UN's climate official, have linked these extreme weather events to climate change driven by fossil fuel consumption. WBGT is a more accurate measure of heat stress than air temperature alone, as it accounts for humidity, sunlight, and wind, crucial for player and spectator safety.

FIFA has stated it is implementing measures such as three-minute hydration breaks and stationing meteorologists. However, concerns persist, particularly with projections for the 2026 World Cup to be the hottest on record. Extreme heat is recognized as a significant weather-related threat, impacting not only athletes but also spectators and workers. Future events must incorporate more robust research and protocols to address these evolving climate challenges.