Scientists Uncover Two New Spiny Sea Spider Species

Two previously unknown species of sea spiders have been discovered by scientists conducting scuba dives in the Salish Sea. The research, spanning from September 2023 to August 2024, identified these marine arthropods at depths up to 18 meters.

One new species, Callipallene pilosuspedes, is distinguished by its long, curved spines on its lower legs, which researchers observed being used as grooming tools. This species also possesses dexterous appendages called ovigers, functioning like comb-like cleaning instruments.

The second species, Tanystylum kiixin, was found to have significantly smaller and less dexterous egg-carrying limbs, impairing its ability to groom itself. This spider, characterized by an hourglass-shaped abdomen and knob-like claws, was frequently found covered in its own parasites.

The study, published in Organisms Diversity & Evolution, emphasizes the importance of documenting biodiversity in the Salish Sea, an area facing threats from dense coastal populations and development. The researchers aim to inform conservation efforts by understanding the existing species and their vulnerabilities, particularly in the context of climate change.