Neuroscience Pioneer John Garthwaite Dies at 76

John Garthwaite, a pioneering neuroscientist whose work transformed our understanding of brain cell communication, has died at the age of 76. While working at Liverpool University in the 1980s, Garthwaite overturned existing beliefs by demonstrating that the brain utilizes nitric oxide gas as a crucial chemical messenger, a process now termed volume transmission. This discovery was pivotal in understanding how brain cells, particularly those involved in learning and memory via the NMDA receptor, communicate beyond direct synaptic contact. His foundational research paved the way for advancements in the development of new therapeutic drugs targeting nitric oxide signaling pathways.

Born in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, Garthwaite pursued his scientific education at the University of Surrey and the University of London, earning his PhD in 1977. His career included significant research positions at the Medical Research Council and a professorship at the University of Liverpool. Later, he headed neuroscience research at Wellcome Research laboratories before moving to University College London, where he played a key role in establishing the Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research. He retired in 2014 after a distinguished career as a professor of experimental neuroscience.