Teens Swap Steroids for Creatine: New Study Reveals Trend

A recent study published in the August issue of Annals of Epidemiology indicates a significant shift in supplement use among U.S. teenagers. Between 2019-2020 and 2023-2024, creatine supplement consumption saw a remarkable increase, rising by 90% for boys and 168% for girls. This surge occurred concurrently with a more than 50% decrease in steroid use among the same age group.

Researchers attribute the growing popularity of creatine to social media trends, particularly 'looksmaxxing,' which emphasizes physical attractiveness. Lead author Philip Veliz of the University of Michigan noted the concerning rise in content glorifying gym culture. While creatine, a naturally occurring amino acid derivative, aids in energy production and muscle recovery, it does not build muscle directly.

The study analyzed data from nearly 875,000 students in eighth, 10th, and 12th grades. Overall past-year creatine use climbed from under 9% to nearly 17% for boys and from about 1% to over 3% for girls. Conversely, steroid use dropped from around 2% to less than 1%.

Veliz expressed surprise at the decline in steroid use but cautioned that the rise in creatine might lead some teens toward riskier behaviors, such as overconsumption of energy drinks or other supplements. He highlighted that body image pressures, amplified by social media, affect both sexes, with a strong emphasis on appearance for girls.