India Reports Two Cases of Lethal Nipah

Two cases of the rare and highly lethal Nipah virus were reported in an eastern Indian state by the World Health Organization. This virus, known for its high fatality rate exceeding 50%, is transmitted from animals to humans, primarily through contact with infected pigs or bats. Consumption of contaminated food products, such as raw date palm juice, also poses a risk.

The virus can also spread between people through very close contact. Initial symptoms are flu-like, but it can rapidly progress to severe neurological issues and respiratory problems, with coma occurring within days for many patients.

Classified as a biosafety level four pathogen, Nipah is a significant public health concern due to its lethality and transmission potential. There is no approved vaccine or specific treatment, with medical efforts concentrating on supportive care and infection control.

Outbreaks typically occur annually in parts of Asia, including Bangladesh and India, during bat breeding and sap harvesting seasons. Globally, approximately 754 cases have been reported as of 2024, though this number is likely an underestimate.