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Hidden Heart Defect Affects 1 in 50
25 Feb
Summary
- One to two percent of the population are born with a bicuspid aortic valve.
- This condition is often asymptomatic until middle age.
- Strict lifestyle rules and regular check-ups are vital for management.
A significant portion of the population, estimated between 1% and 2%, may be unaware they have a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), a congenital heart defect. This condition, where the aortic valve has two leaflets instead of the usual three, often presents no symptoms until adulthood.
BAV can lead to complications such as aortic stenosis or regurgitation, and frequently involves an abnormality in the aorta, the main blood vessel leaving the heart. Regular monitoring through echocardiograms is essential to track valve function and aortic dilation.
Individuals with BAV are at an increased risk of developing endocarditis, a life-threatening heart infection. Preventive measures include maintaining excellent dental hygiene, as mouth bacteria are a common source of infection, and avoiding procedures like tattoos or piercings that can introduce bacteria.
Children with BAV who do not have complications can generally engage in normal activities. However, for adults, vigilance is key, as symptoms like shortness of breath or chest pain can emerge later in life, underscoring the importance of consistent medical follow-up.
