Wildfire Smoke Blankets Central Canada, Experts Struggle to Forecast

On August 8th, 2025, residents across central Canada have been grappling with a persistent haze of wildfire smoke that has blanketed the region. The smoke, originating from wildfires in the Prairies, has led to a significant dip in air quality, leaving many concerned about its impact on public health.

Experts say that predicting the movement and effects of wildfire smoke is a far more complex task than forecasting standard air pollution from human activities. University of Montreal professor Patrick Hayes explains that accurate weather predictions are crucial for smoke forecasting, but the lack of complete observational data makes it difficult to get an accurate picture. Additionally, the factors that influence wildfire smoke, such as the intensity of the fire, the type of fuel burning, and the height of the smoke plume, can vary greatly, further complicating the forecasting process.

UCLA professor Pablo Saide adds that wildfire smoke can be emitted at various levels in the atmosphere, from the surface to the stratosphere, unlike typical anthropogenic pollution. This makes it challenging to determine the exact trajectory and impact of the smoke. Saide also notes that the stage of the fire, whether it's a flaming or smouldering phase, can significantly affect the amount of particulate matter released.

As climate change continues to exacerbate the frequency and severity of wildfires, Canadians can expect to see more smoke events in the years to come. Experts recommend that residents stay informed by checking local air quality warnings and taking appropriate precautions, such as staying indoors and wearing N95 masks when necessary. The long-term solution, however, lies in governments taking decisive action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the effects of climate change.