Solar Farms Threaten Elephant Habitats in Sri Lanka

In Hambantota, Sri Lanka, a series of 17 separate solar energy projects are threatening the habitat of over 400 elephants. These developments, situated in a dry zone with plentiful sunlight, aim to expand renewable energy production. However, the scrub forests and grasslands cleared for these projects are essential feeding and movement areas for local elephant populations.

Conservationists argue that these smaller projects, approved individually, collectively form a large development impacting a wider elephant range. The Hambantota Managed Elephant Range, established in 2021, was already smaller than initially proposed, with development interests prioritized. This ongoing habitat loss and fragmentation are increasing friction between humans and elephants.

Clearing these areas, even those not densely forested, removes traditional feeding grounds and can disrupt elephant migration routes. This forces animals into cultivated fields and settlements in search of food and space, intensifying conflict in a region already struggling with such issues. The cumulative effect of these solar developments raises concerns for elephant conservation.