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India's Fossil Fuel Reliance Slows Renewable Energy Transition
10 Nov, 2025
Summary
- India's energy demand soared 85% in 10 years, outpacing clean energy growth
- Fossil fuel subsidies 5 times higher than clean energy subsidies in 2022-23
- India aims for 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030, a major challenge
As of November 2025, India's energy landscape is at a critical crossroads. The country's energy demand has soared by nearly 85% between 2014-2015 and 2024-2025, driven by the rapid expansion of its middle class and economic growth. However, this surging demand is outpacing India's transition to renewable energy sources.
Despite India's ambitious renewable energy targets, the country's reliance on fossil fuels, particularly coal, remains a significant obstacle. According to the International Institute of Sustainable Development (IISD), fossil fuel subsidies in India were five times higher than subsidies for clean energy in the 2022-2023 fiscal year. This imbalance is slowing the momentum needed for a faster, cleaner energy future.
