Farmer Revives Heritage Crops for Biodiversity

Henry Astor is leading a significant revival of nature-friendly farming on his Cotswold farm, drawing inspiration from his grandfather's era. He has embraced heritage wheat varieties and agroforestry, interspersing crops with heritage fruits. Over the past decade, 30,000 to 40,000 trees have been planted, contributing to flood mitigation and habitat creation.

This approach has resulted in a remarkable increase in biodiversity. The farm now supports numerous red-listed bird species, with many migratory birds observed during winter. Initiatives like a dedicated plot for bird feeding have boosted local populations, with similar positive impacts seen across 40 farms in the North East Cotswold Farmer Cluster.

Astor's farm is also undertaking extensive land restoration, with 800 hectares of floodplain meadow under restoration and 3,000 hectares dedicated to flood mitigation along the River Evenlode. He has transitioned from conventional farming to growing heritage grains, such as red lammas and miller's choice, for whisky producers and bakeries.

This shift involves a vertically integrated model, including operating his own mill. Currently supplying over 40 bakeries, Astor aims to mill 500 tonnes annually. This will enable him to reduce cropping by half, further enhance biodiversity, lower carbon emissions, and ensure business viability. The farm also supports rural enterprise, with a market garden and sheep farming integrated into its operations.