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40% of Earth to Turn Dry by 2100?
15 Sep
Summary
- Drylands may expand to 40% of Earth's land by 2100.
- Human activity driving rising temperatures and aridity.
- Australia and Brazil face severe dryland changes.
Global drylands are projected to expand significantly by the end of the 21st century, potentially covering up to 40% of Earth's landmass. This expansion, driven by rising global temperatures from human activities, poses a serious threat of increased water scarcity and ecosystem degradation.
Researchers used climate models to estimate changes, defining drylands by their low aridity index. While rising carbon dioxide levels can have complex effects on plant water loss, the overall trend points to arid conditions spreading, with hyper-arid zones seeing the most substantial increases.
Australia and Brazil are anticipated to experience the most severe dryland transformations, alongside notable shifts in parts of Africa. Regions like China and Russia also contain extensive dry sub-humid zones, while countries such as Algeria, Libya, and Saudi Arabia are home to hyper-arid areas.
Addressing this challenge requires rapid reduction of planet-warming pollution, alongside crucial restoration and conservation efforts. Initiatives like planting native vegetation, reforestation, improving soil health, and rebuilding watersheds are vital for adapting to a hotter world and ensuring sustainable development.
