Bihar's Litchi Crisis: Bugs and Bad Weather Devastate Crops

Bihar's GI-tagged Shahi litchi crop is experiencing an unprecedented crisis, with losses reaching up to 70% in affected districts. Farmers like Krishna Murari Singh in Muzaffarpur are witnessing their orchards decimated by a combination of climate change and an explosive pest attack.

Shrinking winters and rising temperatures have disrupted the crucial flower bud differentiation process, leading to poor flowering. This was compounded by unseasonal rains, prolonged cloud cover, and hailstorms in March, April, and May, which damaged blossoms and young fruits. Temperatures soaring above 38°C in April and May caused premature fruit drop and skin damage.

The unusual weather also fueled a massive increase in the litchi stink bug population. These pests suck sap from tender shoots and fruit stalks, causing fruits to fall before ripening. Farmers have struggled to combat the infestation, with pesticides proving ineffective against the overwhelming numbers and repeated rains.

The economic impact is widespread, affecting not only farmers but also seasonal laborers, packers, and transporters. The collapse of the crop means lost income for families who rely on litchi earnings for education, weddings, and housing. Scientists warn that without climate-resilient measures, the future of this celebrated fruit remains uncertain.