Oscar Doc Branch: A Democracy in Crisis?

The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' documentary branch is experiencing internal conflict regarding its nomination process. Members are divided on the criteria for selecting films, leading to a debate over whether to prioritize American documentaries or embrace a more global selection. This internal discussion follows several years of high-profile snubs, including films like "American Symphony" and "Still: A Michael J. Fox Movie" in 2024, and "Luther: Never Too Much" and "Will & Harper" in 2025.

Last year, a record 201 feature documentaries qualified for Oscar consideration, prompting concerns about the overwhelming number of eligible films. Some branch members advocate for stricter qualification rules, suggesting that only films with "proper U.S. distribution" should be eligible. This viewpoint faces opposition from others who argue that such a change would unfairly disadvantage independent filmmakers and films with limited distribution, citing examples like the 2023 winner "No Other Land."

The branch's composition has also evolved, with approximately 30 percent of its 750 voters now based outside the U.S., a significant shift since 2016 when the Academy declared itself open to "human cinema." This internationalization has led to tensions, with some members expressing frustration over the perceived exclusion of American films. Others, however, defend the global approach, noting that U.S. filmmakers and topics still feature prominently in nominations.

Further complicating the selection process are internal perceptions about which types of films and filmmakers are favored. Some members believe the branch inadvertently favors first-time directors and new talent, potentially sidelining experienced filmmakers or those with commercial success. There are also differing views on the purpose of documentaries, ranging from journalistic integrity and advocacy to aesthetic storytelling, which contribute to varied perspectives on quality and merit.

Discussions are ongoing about potential reforms, including whether to adopt a voting system similar to the international film branch, where all Academy members can vote on the shortlist. While some believe this could reduce the influence of popularity contests and large streamers, others fear it might lead to nominations for more commercial, celebrity-driven films lacking artistic depth. The 98th Oscars telecast is scheduled for Sunday, March 15, 2026.